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Showing posts with label France. Show all posts
Showing posts with label France. Show all posts
Monday, 16 July 2018
Putin on the Ritz
It was like the 2012 Olympics, all over again. Weeks of negativity, doom and gloom, followed by 64 games of, mostly, absolute sporting joy. No terror, no hooliganism, no geopolitical shenanigans. In fact, the only notable moment of saltiness was Roy Keane and Ian Wright kicking off in the ITV studio over the latter’s unconditional warmth towards England.
There is consensus - and not just those carried along by England’s uncharacteristic wave of progress - that the 2018 World Cup in Russia has been one of the best, if not the best, in modern times. Who’d have thought it, given the suspicion of brown envelopes that stank up FIFA’s awarding of the tournament to Russia. Well done, then, Russia, or Vlad, or whoever was controlling things.
Not every match, of course has been a zinger but from the very beginning - host Russia's 5-0 demolition of Saudi Arabia - we've been treated every step of the way. By the first Friday night we had the Spain-Portugal match, one of the best internationals I've seen in years, with six goals including a tour de force by Cristiano Ronaldo which virtually sealed his record-breaking move from Real Madrid to Juventus. The following day we had Argentina being held 1-1 by Iceland, and all of a sudden all bets were off as to how the tournament would move forward. And so we went through the group stage, with two or three games daily, each as fascinating in the permutations as the next, including that memorable fixture, in which everyone and everything stopped work to watch Germany go out at the group stage for the first time since 1938.
In a World Cup lacking European footballing aristos like Italy and the Netherlands, we had the likes of Iran and Senegal punching well above their weight, and south and central America gradually slipping away as that region's traditions in international football fell somewhat short, as Argentina and Uruguay couldn't build on their respective legacies as past champions. And, yes, England: perennial underachievers, perennial failures, managed by the individual with "the impossible job" whom the nation collectively fell in love with, ending in fourth place, surviving a penalty shootout, and giving a platform to a squad of young men for whom the next tournaments - the 2020 European Championships and the 2022 World Cup in Qatar - promise so much, at last. This World Cup hasn't, of course, all been about England, but from the exclusively English perspective, this World Cup has profoundly transformed the nation's relationship with its national side. Let's hope it lasts.
Congratulations, of course, must go to France and indeed Croatia, their defeated opponents in yesterday's final. A 4-2 victory for Les Bleus, with a few controversies, a couple of monumental blunders and six goals, it provided something of a microcosm of the preceding 63 matches combined. One of the largest football nations in the world versus one of the smallest, pedigree versus underappreciated tenacity. France are, for me, surprising world champions. I'd been tipping Belgium as dark horses to win, just as many had seen Brazil or Spain as champions once more. France's ascent this time has been quite subtle. While most were focusing on the big guns - especially those who gradually disappeared - France had been getting on with progress. As he does for Chelsea, the diminutive N'Golo Kante was a giant in the French midfield, Paul Pogba demonstrated that without José Mourinho's deadening influence over him he can justify some of the hype that has followed his career, while the 19-year-old Kylian Mbappé underlined preposterously why Paris Saint-Germain made him the world's most expensive teenager indeed the second-most expensive player on the planet.
As such, yesterday's final was a fitting finale. France knows better than most how to celebrate - the scenes in Paris in 1998 are burned in the memory as the most incredible scenes of celebration I've ever witnessed. Even the sight of Emmanuel Macron going nuts, while genial host Vladimir Putin sat, atypically gimlet-eyed, at the final whistle, presented a vision of unfettered joy that perfectly characterised these last four-and-a-bit weeks of football. Whether FIFA has redeemed itself remains to be seen: the whiff of suspicion over how Russia ended up staging this World Cup will never go away, but few will disagree that it has been done in an exemplary fashion. We will have to see if Qatar in four years time will be able to do the same, even if many, if not most, have been proven wrong this time.
Saturday, 12 November 2016
The tea really does taste better, and other observations
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
So, I’ve been back in London just over a month, after 17 and a half years living abroad, which is a statement that, I know, carries a whiff of the exotic. However, I'm not suggesting for one minute that I've been off-grid, khaki-clad with a pith helmet, observing still-primitive Amazonian tribes, or carrying out a long-term study of penguins in their natural habitat, or in my wilder moments of Walter Mittydom, living the rock star lifestyle in a Malibu hacienda, occasionally doing something with gated reverb.
No, for most of those years away I've been sat in an office. Furthermore, I've hardly been cut off from my homeland. Frequent commando raids to visit family, friends, Stamford Bridge and carry out sundry business commitments, more or less in that order, have kept me in regular contact. That said, there is a substantial difference between weekend trips to the home island and living somewhere day-to-day (or, simply, "living", as I had been doing exclusively in Britain before being coaxed elsewhere).
Of course, moving to the Netherlands - and subsequently California, back to the Netherlands again and then France - as I did, wasn't exactly volunteering for the first manned Mars mission. These countries do, I established quite quickly, have flushing toilets, and if you know where to look, shops selling Marmite. But coming back has thrown a spotlight on things I had missed, or more importantly, didn't know I'd missed.
With worldly-wiseness comes additional awareness of your home country and recognition of things you'd never have been conscious of before moving abroad, or that you suddenly become aware has become a thing while you've been away. Here, I offer my first observation: cars pushing into traffic from side roads. I honestly don't recall this ever being a custom (interestingly enough, in Holland cars coming out of a side road have right-of-way, which I didn't know until it was almost too late…the first time). During my driving lessons I was taught to wait until there was a break in the traffic and then pull out. Now the norm seems to be to simply stick the nose of your car out, forcing others to stop. And often the driver in question is actually trying to blag his or her way onto the other side of the road, forcing traffic on both sides to stop. I don't know when or where this came from, or why. It's possible that it is simply a consequence of Britain's roads becoming ever more congested, as property, demographics and population increases - including net immigration - have put more cars on the streets. Another good reason for me to eschew car ownership and make use of public transport, a trait I warmly embraced in Paris, and am happy to continue as I base myself in south-east London.
This brings me to my second observation: the sense of entitlement. I blame Simon Cowell. For many things, actually. At risk of committing the most middle-aged thing I've ever written, Britain has, in the years I've been at large, developed an assumption of on-demand, instantaneous everything, from Cowell's drive-through fame culture to 18-year-old footballers skipping the traditional cleaning-the-stadium-toilets-with-a-toothbrush apprenticeship and going straight to Range Rover ownership. And don't get me going on compensation.
With this entitlement comes an erosion of civility, something the Brexit referendum seems to have accelerated, with social media becoming the prime medium to tell complete strangers exactly what is thought of them. There is some credence to the argument that if Gary Lineker or Lily Allen tweet about refugees they are putting themselves out there, and that their freedom to express themselves is rightfully matched by those who dare to troll them. But, as I’ve blogged before, spend any time on Twitter and, much like the bubbling stream of bile that is the Daily Mail and its unhinged, tin-foil hat-wearing, demonstrably illiterate readership, you will succumb to both madness and despair at how people, shielded by their keyboard and the semi-anonymity of their handle, feel entitled to say whatever the want without consequence, and without any basis of a relationship to so.
This manifests itself, post-Brexit, with Polish community centres being vandalised, hijab-wearing Muslim women being verbally abused in town centres, and knuckle-dragging thugs staging protests about claiming their country back, not that I ever noticed that it had been taken away from them. And, guess what? After Tuesday's presidential earthquake, it's happening in America, too. Let right-wing populism win, and all of a sudden there are those acting like it's 1933 Germany, when brown was the in-vogue shirt colour.
When I left Britain in 1999 there was no such thing as social media. If you wanted to complain you either wrote to Jimmy Young, Points Of View or The Times. If you wanted to rant at complete strangers there was always Speaker’s Corner. Now, you can meltdown, Basil Fawlty-style, on Twitter. Which I did, without remorse, recently when trying to get broadband installed. Broadband providers go to great lengths to draw you in with slick marketing: TV ads with Hollywood celebrities and websites that connect you to directly via chat to experts helping you pick the right package. And then the horror begins: after handing over a large sum of money, you then wait for the service to begin. Except it doesn’t, so you connect by online chat again…where it takes half an hour for someone to take up your case, only to inform you that another department handles your type of package and you should call their helpdesk. Which you do, and you then spend an hour on hold due to “a high volume of calls”. In my case, I clocked up a full three hours on hold trying to find out why BT had arbitrarily cancelled the visiting installation engineer, and then cancelled my order altogether. Here Twitter comes into its own. It’s amazing how responsive companies become when their reputation is challenged publicly. It shouldn’t be like this, of course. You should just be able to call a number and someone answers, more or less straight away. Britain’s population may have grown in recent years, but not so much that some of a telecommunications provider’s substantial profits can’t be invested in extra customer support personnel.
There are many more line items I could complain about the Britain I’ve returned to, from London’s choked, gridlocked traffic, to those Estuary accents where each sentence ends with a rising pitch like a question?, to jogging bottoms as workwear, young women wearing make-up applied by an industrial sandblaster (and eyebrows which may have been drawn with an extra thick Sharpie), to Nando's. But that could sound ungallant about my return, which would be wrong.
Throughout my time abroad I’ve eulogised about my adopted surroundings. Amsterdam remains an adorable village masquerading as a national capital. California will always be where I go for sunny people and sunny weather in a geography that offers cities as majestic as San Francisco and as relaxed as San Diego, and the eye candy of its beaches, mountains and deserts, of Lake Tahoe and Yosemite. And Paris. What can I say that I haven’t already? An architectural history museum that you can actually live in, with subsidised public transport and the amusement of people watching without being judged for it.
But it's not for nothing that for some time I’ve wanted to come back to London. For a vibrancy matched only by New York; for its culture, its art, music, exhibitions and theatre; for its diversity; for its ability to blend modernity with traditionalism; for the sense of newness I keep finding around every corner, nestled amongst the old; for the joy of taking a Thames Clipper to the football; for tea that really does taste better; for breaking my umbilical cord with the south-western suburbs I grew up in and welcoming me to the south-east of the capital.
As much as there is a degree of architectural vandalism going in London, with the rapid forestation of huge, new towers of glass and steel dominating the skyline, there is also an unshakeable excitement about the place that I notice and experience every day I step outside. Even post-Brexit, with the banks and other corporate institutions supposedly buggering off to Frankfurt and Amsterdam, London feels as resilient today as ever before. It’s new mayor, Sadiq Khan, is a force for good, putting himself about on the world stage in an enthusiastically statesmanlike manner, declaring the British capital open. If he could do something about the traffic, Heathrow and the epidemic of knife crime, he would be somewhere close to the country’s best politician (and certainly more effective than either the leadership of the party he represents or the self-serving scoundrels they are supposed to be in opposition to).
All this aside, I'm not going to make melodrama out of my repatriation. Really, there hasn’t been a lot to it. Essentially, I arrived, and then went straight down the pub. It has all been relatively easy - as really I should have expected, though that’s not to say there have been things to get used to again, not to mention things to do for the very first time. But I’ll be honest, the star of all this has been London.
I'm writing this in New York, the self-styled ‘greatest city in the world’, a description much like The Rolling Stones being the world’s greatest rock and band. If so, then London runs it close on many points, and even beats it on others. Kind of like The Who, The Kinks and Led Zeppelin. It really is good to be back.
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Sunday, 2 October 2016
Frexit, stage left
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
Well, I say home, but it really is where the heart is. And mine has been enchanted by Amsterdam's canal-lined streets, the perma-sunshine of the Golden State, the quaint, rural Dutch village where I 'settled' for six years, and then on to Paris. Of course, I've never been that far from the old country: Amsterdam and Paris are barely an hour by plane, five hours by road, and with family and a Chelsea season ticket to return to, not to mention business commitments, it does sometimes feel like I've never been away. But in reality, there’s a big difference to actually living back here again and the frequent commando raids I’ve made over the last 17 years to stock up on Shreddies and deodorant, or to buy suits from Marks & Spencer that properly fit (France doesn’t do suits for someone of my…er…shape - more so short-arsed men who stay stick thin through chain-smoking and thimbles of weapons-grade coffee that renders them nervous energy-burning furnaces).
Returning to Britain after the better part of two decades as an ex-pat brings many new things to get one's head around. When I left in 1999 there was no broadband, no WiFi, and the Internet - which I accessed on a company-provided laptop - was connected to via a tectonically-slow dial-up connection. On top of that, everyone was running around like Chicken Licken predicting that the sky would fall in because of the Millennium Bug. This also reminds me that I left the UK in the 20th century and have now 'returned’ in the 21st. Of itself, this is not a particularly breathtaking fact - as it's been the 21st century everywhere else I've been - but it does shed daylight in on how Britain has changed.
Immigration may have been the extreme sunburn-sensitive topic that dominated the Brexit debate, but it has made for an enriching character shift to many British communities. There's not a café or coffee outlet in London now not exclusively staffed by eastern Europeans (and more power to them - at least they are happy to serve your cappuccino without giving off the sense of the job being beneath them...). A few Christmases ago I took a bus into Kingston-upon-Thames and was struck by the variety of accents and languages being spoken on the top deck. Here, in the area in which I was born and grew up in, were now conversations in Polish or Czech (working in an international community tunes the ears to foreign tongues), as well as Korean, the result of New Malden (my hometown) hosting Europe's largest Korean community, a legacy of Samsung basing its European HQ there a few years ago. And you know what? The Korean supermarkets and street signs, Polish delis, and Lithuanian-run tea shops have brought a new vibrancy to the area.
The other thing I've noticed is how risk-averse Britain has become and how bossy it is as a result. Such is the health and safety culture here that there is barely a trade not required to wear high-visibility attire (including, even, police horses). Viewed from space, I'm fairly sure that the United Kingdom shows up as a fluorescent yellow triangle in the North Sea. In France there is no such paranoia. In fact, health and safety just doesn’t exist. You can walk under construction cranes shifting heavy loads without so much as a “look up” sign to warn you, let alone a 100-metre safety perimeter and mandatory hard hat wearing. As with many things in France, workers are merely an inconvenience to be shrugged at in that inherently insouciant French manner.
Travelling by public transport in Britain is to be subjected to a never-ending babble of reminders and instructions. Actually, orders. Recently I was in a rush to catch the Heathrow Express into London, and I got barked at over the tannoy by the platform guard: “No need to run! Plenty of time!", in a voice not dissimilar to the schoolteacher on Pink Floyd's The Wall ("YOU! Yes, you laddie! Stand STILL!"). This was the same guard who’d shouted at everyone not to board the train until vital security checks were carried out, and then barked at everyone to board quickly. You can’t win.
Once on board a moving train, Bossy Britain subjects you to a running commentary, telling you which station you’ve just left, what station comes up next, what line you’re on, who runs that line, what terminus you’ll end up in. On the London Underground it’s even worse: “The next station is Bank.” “We are now at Bank.” “Mind the gap as you get off.” “Please allow people to get off before you get on.” “Move down inside the carriage please.” “Move RIGHT down inside the carriage please.” “Stand clear of the doors.” “The doors are closing - stand clear of the doors.” “The doors have now closed”. “The next station is Holborn”. I’m sure some public transport workers in Britain are failed wedding DJs - the type who just won’t shut up.
When I left the UK in 1999 I had a mobile phone that made calls and sent text messages. And that was it. Apple was regarded somewhat dismissively as a niche company with overpriced products designed for creative professionals and no one else. I used to drool over Apple Powerbooks in shop windows like Mike Myers drooling over that white Stratocaster in Wayne’s World. And then the original iMac came out, and all of a sudden the idea of an affordable and cool-looking computer at home seemed viable and attractive. I bought one in Amsterdam in 1999, commencing an addiction to the Apple brand as powerful and as financially destructive as an acute crystal-meth habit. Apple cleverly marketed the digital lifestyle, and I have enthusiastically bought into it.
While I'm trawling through the annals of an already-distancing past, let me also mention my football club. In 1999 Chelsea were still flirting with financial near-death, but since Glenn Hoddle had become manager in 1994, and players like Ruud Gullit, Gianfranco Zola, Gianluca Vialli and Frank Leboeuf had been added, the club’s stock had steadily risen.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
So what have I gained from these years abroad? It’s a chronic cliché to say that travel broadens the mind, but living abroad - especially on "the continent” - has highlighted just how much of an island nation Britain can be. Europeans are different, but not in a physical way. When I first moved to Amsterdam I seemed to be under the impression I was relocating to a developing country lacking supermarkets, flushing toilets or breakfast cereal. I was instantly wrong. The Netherlands is one of the smartest, modern countries in the world, full of people who learn languages in seconds and enjoy a sense of contentment known locally as “gezelligheid”. It’s an almost-impossible word to define, but imagine very tall, healthy-looking people, sitting outside a café with a glass of rosé on a warm summer’s evening, looking smug, and you’ve come close to understanding what gezelligheid means.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
And, then, France (I'll skip my two years in the US - a nation you probably know of too well). The opportunity to live and work in Paris was the fulfilment of a romantic ideal I’d coveted over many years, the result of watching too many Alain Delon films and The Day Of The Jackal, and seeing Paris as somewhere stuck resolutely, defiantly, nobly in the 1960s. I dreamed of living in a traditional Paris apartment, like Inspector Clouseau, with a view of the Eiffel Tower from my window. I achieved that, and then some. And the fact is, Paris is still stuck in the 1960s: I recently watched The Day Of The Jackal again and, now familiar with many of the locations (the hotel at the film’s denouement is right opposite a regular meeting point for a friend of mine and I), I saw how the city really doesn’t look any different 45 years on. And I love it for it. When I moved there I wrote a love letter to it (A Paris Love Affair) on my old blog. That love hasn’t dimmed. Yesterday - my last morning as a Parisian - I went out for breakfast and walked part of the way back in brilliant blue-sky sunshine, soaking up the Haussmann architecture near the Sorbonne. A modern, progressive city but one which hasn’t lost touch with its aesthetic charm. Or its passion.
On this I’m conflicted about London. Yes, there’s plenty of ‘the old’ in London to remind you of its history, even its pre-Roman history, but there’s almost too much of the new. 17 years ago I would take the bus to work across Waterloo Bridge and look east to a skyline dominated by St. Paul’s Cathedral. Now, the skyline is dominated by vast monuments to glass and steel, an architect’s wet dream, in which they compete to out-design each other. Over the next few years, it is reported, there will be as many as 250 new skyscrapers going up in central London. On the one hand, it’s a sign of the city’s vibrancy as a place to do business, and even post-Brexit, an indication that things will be fine, after all. But on the other hand, it reminds me of just how architectural conservatism in Paris has ensured the city remains both liveable and effective, but also eye-wateringly attractive every time you step outside the front door.
When I moved to Paris I was warned by lazy British tabloid tropes that my life was going to be blighted by stereotypes. My day would be brought to a crawling pace by slow and indifferent waiters; strikes would impede any form of travel; and I would drown under an ocean of bureaucracy. Well, the last one proved to be fact. France appears to exist purely to provide employment for office workers processing pieces of paper. But the rest? Not really.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
Paris and London are comparable in size and, to some extent, economic influence over the rest of the nation. But while I am overwhelmingly excited to be back in London, there are many things I’ll miss from the last few years in the French capital. Firstly, the people. I’ve made lifelong friends there, but the fact that the city is only two hours away by Eurostar (well, 13 hours, given the number of breakdowns it experiences…) means they will never be far at all. But secondly, the way of living. Small things that make a big difference, like getting to see gigs by Robert Plant, the Stone Roses, Richard Hawley, Johnny Marr, Paul Weller and many others in small, intimate theatres where you’re only a few feet from the stage, as opposed to the cavernous venues these same acts would play on British tours (tip to self: stay tuned to the Paris gig listings, especially given how easy it is to get from London to Paris).
Then there’s the relative ease of getting about. Yes, Paris is still a choked madhouse of drivers riding their car horns, but that’s for those who still insist on driving. Two years ago I sold my car (which had been stuck in a garage, unused, for the previous two years). Owning a car in Paris is an utter waste of time and money. When public transport is subsidised, and your employer pays for your €70, five-zone monthly Navigo card (compare this to the £212 it costs you to travel the same distance each week in London), and there’s a Métro train every two minutes, there’s every incentive to get rid of the wheels. Getting used to this - and things like shopping every couple of days at the local supermarket rather loading up a car once a week at some giant out-of-town aircraft hangar - has brought an enjoyable simplicity to city living, one which I will replicate readily in London by living close to the centre and not going back to car ownership. That sense of simplicity is one of the many things I’ve acquired living abroad. I grew up in London’s suburbs, where car ownership is a near-necessity, but also a status symbol. In the days when a new number plate letter appeared on August 1, net curtains really would rustle avariciously when a shiny new motor appeared on the driveway across the road. I can do without that. Plus, thanks to being a frequent car hire patron over my years abroad, it’s nice to get an upgrade to something fancy on the few occasions I need to rent one.
17 years, out of almost 49, is a large chunk of my life. For example, I’ve spent more time, since passing my driving test, living in countries where you drive on the right as opposed to driving on the left. For 13 years my salary has been paid in Euros, and I’ve loved being able to visit friends in Germany or go on holiday to Italy without having to go near a bureau de change. These are, though, merely material differences.
Over 17 years I’ve seen two nephews grow from children into successful adults, one with a wife and daughter, the other with a self-made career as a personal trainer. A third came along in 2002 and is now a teenager. I’ve seen my brother and sister-in-law become grandparents, and witnessed, periodically, my own parents go from retirees in their late sixties to proud, but increasingly frail pensioners in their mid-eighties, my dad gradually (though slowly) succumbing to that cruellest thief of dignity, Alzheimer’s.
I’ve never been all that far away from my family over the last 17 years, but now I’m going to be even closer. My visits will not be dictated to by the need to get to an airport, phone calls won’t be scheduled around time zones, spare rooms won’t need to be reserved, and Hertz at Heathrow won’t be seeing so much of me. Everything I love about London will be a Tube ride’s away - the museums, the culture, Covent Garden, gigs, HMV in Oxford Street, the theatre, the diversity, an energy matched (or even eclipsed) only by New York. Over the last three years I’ve spent more time for business reasons in London, during which time I came to feel that there was something I was missing out on. Couldn’t quite put my finger on it, but it was there. One way or another I knew I’d be back, and through the good fortune of a job move, I am. I’m back. London, baby! Yeah.
Friday, 1 July 2016
The Somme remains the same
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
I suppose it's the point, that war cemeteries are meant to be pristine, serene gardens of remembrance in contrast to the horrors of battle that created them. Those in the Valley of the Somme are no exception - their calm, perfectly arranged rows of white headstones oddly representative of the carnage unleashed 100 years ago today.
Wars so often have a turning point, either planned or unintential, when events roll back on the trajectory. For the First World War, the Somme Offensive was meant to be just such a turning point, a concerted effort by the French and the British to take on the Imperial German Army and break up their entrenched lines along a 15-mile stretch of northern France near the River Somme.
When the attack came, on July 1, 1916, it would go down in history as one of the bloodiest days in the history of warfare, costing the lives of 19,240 Britain and Commonwealth men on that first day for just the acquisition of three square miles of territory. By November 18, when the Battle of the Somme came to an end, more than a million were dead or wounded on all sides, including 420,000 British, 200,000 French and an estimated 465,000 German. The distance between the frontline on July 1 and on November 18 is just seven miles.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
Standing today on the rolling fields where the battle was fought it is, of course, impossible to get a sense of the industrial slaughter that took place over the course of those 141 days, the result of terrible new artillery munitions which didn't just explode, but fragmented, reducing combatants in trenches to bloodied pulps, as well as the new machine guns which literally mowed down soldiers as they were sent over the top. But the 250 military and 150 civilian cemeteries that dot this area of Picardie combine to tell a tragic story of the staggering attrition.
The Commwealth graves, at sites like Thiepval, Albert and Contalmaison, represent the breadth of nationalities drawn into battle from different corners of the world - the 12,000 Australians killed over the course of six weeks fighting for the strategic village of Pozières, as well as the New Zealanders, Canadians, South Africans, Rhodesians and Indians who died for a cause that geographically and politically was not their own but one out of sworn allegiance to a distant monarch. Their graves now sit a long, long way from home.
As you walk up and down the rows of headstones, you pass a mass of nationalities, ages and social backgrounds. There is little hierarchical order - officers lie alongside the enlisted (more junior officers below the rank of major died on the Somme than privates, and the opening day led to the deaths of almost two-thirds of British officers involved). And then you come to those which simply say 'Known Unto God', one of 100,000 graves of those whose identities are not known. At the Memorial to the Missing, at Thiepval, the names of 72,085 British Expeditionary Force soldiers provide some respect for those who were killed but do not have a known grave.
Historians will now agree that Battle of the Somme proved to be a strategic victory for the Allies, that the German trenches were broken up, and the futile intransigence that has come to characterise World War One started to come lose. The cost on that first day of July would be huge, with the largest single day's loss of life for in the British Army's history alone.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
Throughout the region there are truly humbling sites of remembrance: at Beaumont-Hamel, five miles due north of Albert, is a memorial dedicated to forces of the Dominion of Newfoundland - now part of Canada - which suffered the largest single loss of the battle's first day. 1800 members of a 2000-strong battalion of the Newfoundland a regiment, roughly one in five men from the dominion itself, killed in an unsuccessful assault lasting not much more than 30 minutes.
As you walk up and down the rows of headstones, you pass a mass of nationalities, ages and social backgrounds. There is little hierarchical order - officers lie alongside the enlisted (more junior officers below the rank of major died on the Somme than privates, and the opening day led to the deaths of almost two-thirds of British officers involved). And then you come to those which simply say 'Known Unto God', one of 100,000 graves of those whose identities are not known. At the Memorial to the Missing, at Thiepval, the names of 72,085 British Expeditionary Force soldiers provide some respect for those who were killed but do not have a known grave.
Historians will now agree that Battle of the Somme proved to be a strategic victory for the Allies, that the German trenches were broken up, and the futile intransigence that has come to characterise World War One started to come lose. The cost on that first day of July would be huge, with the largest single day's loss of life for in the British Army's history alone.
The war itself changed warfare, with the introduction of air power and tanks, weapons of mass destruction. And it also led to a redrawing of the maps of Europe and the Middle East, the political and diplomatic impact of which would resonate through the 20th century, in the Second World War and the Cold War, even the events we are witnessing still today in Syria and Iraq. But if the Somme would be the location of the First World War's turning point, it would be another two years before the Armistice would be signed on November 11, 1918.
The beginning of the end of the war may have begun in the Somme Valley, but it came at a heavy loss. 100 years on, only the gardens of stone give any sense of the magnitude of that loss, and the bloodshed which occurred over just 125 square miles of Northern France during those four bitter months of 1916.
Monday, 6 June 2016
Après nous le déluge
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
When I first moved to Paris, five and a half years ago, I published a post romanticising about this city. It contained all the usual stuff about the timeless Parisian beauty, its overwhelming architecture and bountiful culture - basically all the things that you usually read about the place and, indeed, France in general. If they weren't so damned valid they would be bona fide, nailed-on clichés.
In the years since, though, I have managed to avoid - quite deliberately - any of the lame old tropes that those, especially from my home island, trot out about France. You know, the lengthy lunches, the streets of Paris being minefields of canine excrement and impatient, horn-handy drivers, moody waiters, and an apparent national tendency to down tools at the slightest industrial provocation. And so on and so on.
As with any collection of national sterotypes, some fit and some don't. France - and Paris in particular - is no different. The 'Allo 'Allo generalisations are what they should be - mildly racist but mostly harmless comic motifs (although I must confess to yesterday seeing a man wearing a beret at a cafe, a first in almost 40 years as either schoolboy visitor or, now, resident). That said, the reputation for doggy poo, drivers and waiters in Paris, in no special order, appears to be enthusiastically upheld.
But there's more. When I first declared that I'd be moving to France, I was helpfully counselled by mostly fellow Brits that I would find it impossible to get anything done. Because, I was told, the French were always on strike, that their farmers burned sheep on motorways in protest, that their trawlermen blockaded the Channel ports over EU subsidies, and that old perennial, the air traffic controllers went on strike during the school holidays. This would maintain the popular belief that France remained the angry militant of Europe, long after such behaviour seemed relevant in the modern world.
So, for the most part of my five and a half years here I've hardly seen any such mardeyness. Until now. In recent weeks we've had a full-on, wintry blast of angry action. None of your uppity taxi protests here, or mildly aggravating work-to-rules by street cleaners. No, proper, crippling industrial chaos and tear gas-inducing street protests over President François Hollande's plans for reforms to the country's arcane labour laws. Flash riots in parts of Paris, strikes by oil refinery workers cutting fuel supplies, stoppages at water treatment plants, and then last week a strike by employees of the SNCF, the national rail company which halved the number of trains in and out of the capital (and is still in place today), with staff on the Paris Métro also staging sporadic walkouts.
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
This week Euro 2016 gets under way in France, with the country hosting the first European football championships with an expanded format of 24 teams competing in ten city venues. With France clearly in the crosshairs of Islamic terrorism, the sense of national nervousness is palpable. Throw in an all-out, four-day strike planned by Air France pilots next weekend, more strikes on the railways and unions in other sectors appearing to dig in - as is the government in maintaining the need to drive reforms to employment laws - and the possibility of an utterly chaotic tournament has become very real.
Of course, we shouldn't get too carried away. The games will go ahead, the strikes won't achieve anywhere near their ambition of impacting infrastructure, and security will be tighter than ever at the games. But that won't improve the mood. The Charlie Hebdo attacks last year, and then the attrocities in Paris last November - compounded by the closely related events in Brussels - have inevitably led to an undercurrent of fear. The sight of properly tooled-up soldiers on residential streets have both reassured and reminded residents of the real risks France faces in equal measure.
From abroad, France is increasingly looking like a nation under siege from within. The stereotypes will no doubt be hardening. The strikes, the terror threat - even the floods - have given the impression of a country in trouble, led by a president and government unable to take control of that trouble and unable to bring about reforms intended to modernise the local labour market amid continuing macro-economic challenges for French companies.
The government's proposed changes to labour laws would make it easier for employers to hire and fire, but the unions claim that this will merely enable employers to bypass workers' rights on pay and working hours. These are all issues which historically contribute to the national reputation. True, there is a 35-hour week in place, but in Paris at least, the volume of people on the Paris Métro at 7am and again at 7pm would suggest that metropolitan working hours are a long way from the proscribed norm. And as for the apparent culture of endless lunches, I haven't seen that either. Occasionally you will see someone disappear for a couple of hours of gossipping, but en masse, most people are in and out of the works canteen within an hour and that's it.
Working hours and retirement age notwithstanding, the bigger issue at stake is the ability to staff up and staff down: the belief pushed by the government is that greater flexibility will in turn make employers more flexible to hire in the first place. But despite the wave of strikes and riots in recent weeks, and prevailing defiance from the militant CGT union, popular opinion is changing. An opinion poll published over the weekend revealed that a majority of French people are now opposed to the anti-reform protests and strikes, possibly as a result of the damage to the country's image that they've caused as it prepares to host one of the world's most prestigious sporting events.
Meanwhile, Hollande and his government remain equally defiant on the need to push through the reforms. "I fully accept that this law could be unpopular," Manuel Valls, the swaggering Spanish-born French prime minister told foreign journalists in a briefing last week. "Public opinion is worried. But we are at a key moment. Stars are aligned, with the economic recovery and the reformism that my government embodies," he outlined. "The question is how we reform this country," he went on. "Can a minority union block a law? If we were to retreat, it would mean paralysis . . . The French have gotten used too much to the fact it was enough to protest in the streets to block reforms."
Whether the government, or the unions, prevail, something has to give. France’s jobless rate currently stands stubbornly at 10%, the highest in a generation. Worse still is youth unemployment, which is currently at 24%, blighting a substantial proportion of the very electoral base that President Hollande had promised to address. Notably, some of the strongest protests in recent weeks have been amongst the student community in France - a stereotypical echo of the 1960s riots, perhaps, but an indication that the country's youth is feeling increasingly abandoned. In some communities, that has the potential to light some exceedingly dangerous fuses indeed. And may have done so already.
It would be wholly wrong to cast France as an unlivable, unworkable basketcase. And from my Parisian eyrie it would be wrong, too, to generalise an entire nation (as is often remarked, France is two countries - Paris, and the rest of the nation). But beneath the romantic veneer that drew me here - and has drawn all the other romantics, writers, artists, philosophers and dreamers throughout history - lurks a country that is not exactly dysfunctional, but on the other hand, doesn't help itself. I truly hope that Euro 2016 is a success, and that it passes without incident. I also truly hope that, one way or another, the country will find the path to the prosperity that other European giants mostly enjoy.
But, as the Paris floodwaters gradually recede, one can't help feeling all that positive about any true return to normality, because that normality seems to be - for the first time since I've been here - somewhat chaotic, and as ugly as Paris is an aesthetic treat. Après nous le déluge...?
| © Simon Poulter 2016 |
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