Peter Gabriel at Real World Studios Picture: Peter Gabriel/Arnold Newman
There is no statute on how frequently musicians should release new material, either to satisfy their own creativity, stay relevant or just to pay the bills. Paul Weller’s Fat Pop (Volume 1), released back in May, was his fourth album in as many years. As I wrote at the time, you could hardly call that a purple patch, as over three decades he’s produced a prolific 16 solo releases, roughly one new album every two years.
So whisper it quietly, but at the other extreme of this creativity, Peter Gabriel is working on a new solo album. The shocker here is that his last full collection of new material was, Up, released in 2002. That was only followed by his Scratch My Back project of cover songs set to orchestral arrangements, and the New Blood reworking of his own older songs, again with orchestral backing. That, a couple of compilations, one or two soundtrack contributions and the largely forgettable 2016 single I’m Amazing with Sting (mainly to promote their double-header tour), has been it. For those who follow Gabriel closely, the absence of any new work for the better part of 20 years has been accepted as simply part and parcel of his glacially slow recording process, combined with dilettante interests in the myriad causes that activate him.
No-one could ever accuse Gabriel of not upholding the less-is-more approach. His seven studio albums released over 44 years are all as distinct as each other, never derivative and always inventive. It’s just that you wish an artist as creatively vivid as Gabriel would step it up a bit. Work on that last album, Up, began some seven years before it appeared, and its predecessor, Us, came out in 1992, though there were soundtrack projects and the Millennium Dome show Ovo, in the middle of that.
So now Gabriel has apparently told the Italian magazine SPECCHIO that a brand spanking new album is “happening” and that “it's closer than you think", confirming that he’d been working with his usual coterie of musicians over the last few weeks in the studio on “at least” 17 new songs. That said, it’s safe to assume the album will not be out before 2022, making it exactly 20 years since Up. Thankfully the 71-year-old Gabriel is regarded as that much of fixture in the rock firmament that few would ask “Peter, who?” when said release finally dropped. You wouldn’t, either, want to pre-empt it: you’d hope that with a gestation period as epically long as this next one has had, it would be expected that the wait is worth it.
Back in May - not long after the latest Weller album appeared - I blogged about the 35th anniversary of Gabriel’s seminal pop album So being released, noting that it was a commercial peak for a musician who, despite being an early devotee of The Beatles and Otis Redding, has always been seen as being on the fringes of the mainstream. Until So came along, with its slew of hits like Sledgehammer, Don’t Give Up (with Kate Bush), Big Time and In Your Eyes, Gabriel had been a well regarded but sporadic commercial success. Tracks like Solsbury Hill and Games Without Frontiers were moderate chart hits, but singles were not really his thing until So, ironically at the same time as his former band, Genesis, commenced their period of imperial MTV rotation in the mid-80s (and were it not for a bout of COVID-19 in the camp, I would have been seeing them for one last time this week at the O2 Arena...).
Gabriel even seemed to enjoy his fame, but it often became seen as a platform for his non-musical interests, especially human rights and environmental causes. I’ve never had a problem with Gabriel pursuing those interests, but as with so many of his generation, it’s the music that drives the appeal, and always has done. So news of new material - finally - is by parts pleasing and anxiety-inducing. You hope it will be good (and given the body of Gabriel’s work over 54 years as a recording artist, it should be), but just like the Bond film No Time To Die’s protracted delays, you hope that the established standard is maintained. My guess is that Gabriel will deliver something customarily intriguing and intelligent. And you can certainly bet that it won’t be like anything any of his peers have continued to produce.
There was hubbub recently, mostly amongst those who care about such things, when a 38-minute film of Genesis playing Le Bataclan in Paris in 1973 surfaced online. Now, it should be stated for the defence that this clip wasn’t of any great cultural significance: this wasn’t a ten-year-old Hendrix writing All Along The Watchtower on a toy guitar (Dylan wrote it, in any case), or hitherto unseen footage of The Beatles in some Hamburg bierkeller. No, this was Genesis, long before their MTV tenure, with then-lead singer Peter Gabriel giving it the full Brian Pern. For those less familiar with this era of the band, and indeed Gabriel (before he left in 1975, promising to “Do a Ferry, or a Bowie, or a Furry Boa and hang myself with it”) the restored, 4K-quality footage featured the band in proto-prog mode, performing grandiose stage epics such as The Musical Box, Supper's Ready and pre-punk stomper The Knife, with Gabriel dressed in a variety of outfits (such as a fox’s head and his wife’s red dress) to act out the songs, as was his want in those days, while Messrs. Banks, Collins, Hackett and Rutherford earnestly played around him.
It’s easy to see, now, how lampoonable it all was (kudos to Simon Day for Pern, and to Gabriel himself for accepting the pisstake in very good humour), but like most of these time capsules that get unearthed from time to time, it served as a reminder of how, in the early 70s, rock music was still relatively new, and anything went. Gabriel’s final turn with Genesis was to take the concept album The Lamb Lies Down On Broadway out on tour in 1975, with the singer’s costumes and stage presence taking even more prominence, often to the mild resentment of the other band members. Two years later (and after the near tragedy of his first wife, Jill, almost dying in childbirth), Gabriel launched a solo career with the first of four albums, simply titled Peter Gabriel (a typically obtuse Gabrielism, which frustrated his American record company, Geffen). With the fantasy stories and extended keyboard noodling of the Genesis albums now behind him, Peter Gabriel (rebranded ‘Car’ by his US peeps) was a melange of themes and styles, from the Springsteen-esque rocker Modern Love to the cod-barbershop plaintive Excuse Me, the now perennial favourite Solsbury Hill (an autobiographic reflection on his ‘release’ from the rock band hamster wheel) and the melodramatic Here Comes The Flood, a song Gabriel also recorded as a haunting, stripped down affair, along with a version in German.
With each successive solo album - 1978’s Peter Gabriel (‘Scratch’), 1980’s Peter Gabriel (‘Melt’) and 1982’s Peter Gabriel (‘Security’) - the somewhat dilettante Gabriel took notable twists and turns of artistic style, delivering a more conventional rock album with his second release, experimenting with cymbal-free drums on the third (in the process “inventing” Phil Collins, who played on the album, with producers Steve Lillywhite and Hugh Padgham developing that famous ‘gated reverb’ drum sound), as well as collaborated with Kate Bush and Paul Weller, before throwing away the rock rule book with his fourth, with its extensive use of the Fairlight sampling keyboard, obscure rhythms and a decidedly un-Western musical fabric.
By the time So, Gabriel’s fifth solo album appeared, he’d established a reputation for artistically interesting, if not particularly commercially impactful, records. Between ‘PG4’ and So he’d also recorded the soundtrack to Alan Parker’s Birdy, which effectively and hauntingly remade existing songs to considerable effect (the jungle drums of Rhythm Of The Heat was a common presence underneath early-80s documentaries). While collaborating on Birdy with producer Daniel Lanois, he commenced work on his next solo album-proper. The final track recorded become the first song to be heard from the album, and it blew everyone away, in every dimension. Sledgehammer was an unashamed tribute to the soul music that Gabriel was obsessed with as a 60s schoolboy (he still considers Otis Redding at Brixton’s RamJam club the best gig he’s ever seen), and with its Stax-style brass, ever-so slightly saucy lyrics, and Nick Park’s pre-Wallace & Gromit plasticine video, it turned Gabriel into a bona fide pop star. Ironically, his former band’s Invisible Touch was released at the same time, with Gabriel and Genesis vying for chart positions throughout the world.
Released on 19 May, 1986, So was, still, quintessential Gabriel. Sledgehammer plus the gospel-inspired Don’t Give Up duet with Kate Bush, the US hit In Your Eyes and the satirical Big Time, all may have introduced Gabriel to singles buyers too young to have remembered Solsbury Hill, let alone The Return Of The Giant Hogweed, but the album was no sell-out. The brooding opener Red Rain launched the audience into Gabriel’s environmental concerns, while Don’t Give Up - for all of its goo-goo romanticism (especially that swoonsome video featuring Gabriel and Bush) and its 1930s dustbowl symbolism - was actually a direct swipe at Thatcherism. We Do What We’re Told (Milgrim’s 37) was a dark essay on the obedience experiments carried out by psychologist Stanley Milgram; the offbeat Mercy Street was inspired by the poetry of Anne Sexton; while the hypnotic This Is The Picture matched Gabriel in another duet, this time with avant-garde multimediaist Laurie Anderson.
Picture: 20th Century Fox
Fuelled by the success of its singles, especially Sledgehammer and, in the US, In Your Eyes (used brilliantly in Cameron Crowe’s directorial debut, Say Anything…, in a scene in which John Cusack appears, Romeo-like, before his love interest, blasting out the song from his boombox), So went to No.1 in a number of countries and remained on the US chart for almost two years solidly. Sledgehammer itself became a No.1 single on the Billboard Hot 100, ironically, knocking Genesis and Invisible Touch off the top. “There is always wisdom from hindsight,” Gabriel recently reflected. “And because So was my most successful record, I think that a lot of people, particularly in America, think that it was designed to be that. From the other end of it, you never really know which records are going to do well. You know that some things are going to be so obscure and difficult for a mainstream audience that they’re no-hopers but generally, with what I do, it’s hard to predict which albums are going to do well.”
Gabriel says that, while he sort of knew instinctively which of So’s tracks might do well on radio, he was more excited by how the musicians produced what remains, 35 years later, a truly unique-sounding hit record, for that time or any other. Much of that credit goes to Lanois, then one of the hottest producers on the block, having worked with Brian Eno and on U2’s The Unforgettable Fire. “One of the things I learned with [Lanois] is a total respect for the magic of the moment. When you have some spine-tingling event musically, you’ve got to capture it,” says Gabriel, recalling his musical soulmate, Eno’s work with Talking Heads in which raw energy took effort to extract. “I wanted his emotions to come to the forefront [with So],” Lanois himself has said. “To wear no mask and no veil. To have no mirrored contact lenses, no trickery. Just take everything off and let the songs be heard. A nice sequel into the next chapter for Peter Gabriel. I think these songs are more revealing, they are more naked, they are taking risks, and listeners feel that when a man takes a risk.”
It has become something of a cliche to pick up on Gabriel’s long-standing embrace of world music, even the fact that he somewhat invented the term. His Real World label continues to be one of the strongest outlets for the form, and - after a near-bankrupting experience that required a Genesis reunion to bail it out - Gabriel’s WOMAD festival has become an annual fixture for promoting musical diversity. With a roster of musicians from every continent and ethnicity, Gabriel’s Real World label continues to be a positive outlet for music that challenges the notion that it should be both Western and sung in English, a concept Gabriel has championed since Biko on his third album and, more significantly, In Your Eyes, which features Senegalese singer Youssou N’Dour.
“In Your Eyes was the first thing that I’d recorded, I think, with Youssou and it was very important for that reason,” says Gabriel. “It was around the time I was going to Africa and really getting inspired by a lot of the music I was hearing there, particularly rhythmically and vocally. I’ve described Youssou’s voice as ‘liquid gold’ and I think when he comes in singing on that track it’s just a fantastic moment. We’ve since gone on to do a lot of other things, but that was one of the most exciting.” As an aside, In Your Eyes played a tiny part in music technology’s evolution: on So’s original vinyl release, the sonic limitations of the format meant that, due to Tony Levin’s bass, the track had to be listed earlier on the album (something to do with the width of grooves, so I’m told). For So’s CD release, the uplifting song closes it out.
35 years on, So retains a freshness that most of its mid-80s contemporaries would struggle to provide. Many compilations from that time and re-runs of Top Of The Pops expose how production techniques were still transitioning from analogue to digital, with associated aural limitations. With So, Gabriel produced something that spanned so many influences while still sounding unlike anything else. It’s worth mentioning here the record Gabriel released ‘immediately’ afterwards (in 1989, which is quite “immediate” for Gabriel): Passion, his stunning soundtrack for Martin Scorcese’s The Last Temptation of Christ, was another career high point, but for very different reasons, drawing inspirations, musicians and instrumentation from a multitude of cultures, including the Middle East. On balance it remains, perhaps, my favourite Gabriel album - not for its hit songs (there aren’t any) but for the incredible landscapes it paints, inspired by the Holy Land. I played it endlessly a few years ago while driving in that very part of the world, and it was incredibly evocative, even in the very place it was inspired by.
Steven Wilson
No surprise, then, that Steven Wilson - a musician very much in the Gabriel tradition of never standing still, musically or thematically - is a committed fan of So, comparing it to Kate Bush’s Hounds Of Love, which had come out the previous September: “With this album Gabriel managed to make his sound more accessible, giving him a much broader mainstream appeal.” That is normally quite a tricky feat, especially for an artist hitherto known for his broad experimentation with conventional rock as well as non-Western traditions. But, says Steven, it was without compromise. “This was achieved without sacrificing any of his personality and ambition, or his will to experiment and push the envelope. So has pop immediacy but also artistic depth that bears repeated listening. It’s an extremely difficult trick to pull off.”
So's shift in form for Gabriel was even captured in the record’s graphic design, overseen by Peter Saville, who’d been responsible for artwork at Factory Records, New Order and Joy Division to his credits. To begin with, he wasn’t a fan: “I didn’t actively dislike him,” Saville revealed to the Real World Notes blog of Gabriel’s record label. “He was just not somebody I knew that much about.” Saville, who was brought on board when the album had the working title ‘Good’, was won over to working with the singer after a first meeting at his house near Bath. As Saville and his creative partner Brett Wickens drove back up to London, they listened to a cassette copy of the album for the first time.
“The first track was Red Rain,” reveals Saville. “If you’re in a sensitive mood and you’ve just seen a car crash [as they had witnessed while approaching the M4] and you hear Red Rain for the first time… it’s quite like, ‘Woooaaah!’. There was a real passion in Peter’s voice and it was very listenable. I didn’t mind it. As we approached the motorway Sledgehammer came on. We stopped the fucking car on the slip road! You know when you’re hearing something important. It was like hearing Blue Monday for the first time. Brett and I just looked at each other and then looked at the cassette player and almost simultaneously we said, ‘That’s a number one single!’ It was fucking brilliant. By the time Don’t Give Up came on I cried a little bit. I hadn’t got far away enough from Bath and that just completely did me in, actually.”
Gabriel’s first four solo albums had all featured covers that had partly obscured his face, rendering the singer somewhat oblique. Even having released singles like Shock The Monkey and Games Without Frontiers in the video age, it would have been hard, in 1986, for mainstream pop fans to identify him. So changed all that, and its black and white cover image played a massive role in that. “Gail Coulson [Gabriel’s manager] had briefed me privately that Peter had to come out of himself for this record,” Saville recalled. “She knew that he had made an emotional album and that he’d written songs and made music which crossed over to other people who were not Peter Gabriel fans. We had to give a face to that. Of course Peter’s natural inclination was towards shyness and not showing himself. But that wasn’t going to do the job because this was 1986, you know.” With two weeks to deliver So’s cover, Saville brought in photographer Trevor Key, who’d produced the art for New Order’s Low Life, another band “disinterested in presenting their own identity” he says. The other graphic standout was the album’s name, presented simply over the singer’s name. It remains to this day one of the most basic but impactful album covers of all time. More importantly, it propelled Gabriel into another strata of fame.
A question remains, however, as to So’s place in the Gabriel canon: without doubt, it transformed him from legacy prog rock star into a genuine pop act, perhaps in a more artistically acceptable manner than his former bandmates in Genesis had done as they consciously moved into the pop-rock realm as a three-piece. But, the original albums that followed So took their time: Us came out in 1992, Up a full ten years after that. The former leant heavily on the break-up of Gabriel’s first marriage, and while it didn’t take the heart-on-sleeve approach his mucker Phil Collins had famously taken with his ‘divorce album’, Face Value, beneath the deep and introspective lines of Digging In The Dirt lay an album forced into the open through the cauterising of emotional wounds rather than So’s at times carefree approach. Up, Gabriel’s last album of original songs, had an even longer gestation, having been conceived originally in 1985. It remains a good addition to the library, with all the sonic layers and ambitious conceptual excursions Gabriel has always been known for, but it, and its predecessor, lacked the immediacy that So had through its hit singles.
It’s been a long time, then, since we heard anything really new from Peter Gabriel. His last new album-proper was ten years ago - the orchestral retreads of New Blood in 2011, preceded by the covers album Scratch My Back in 2010. There has long been talk of an album in the works, but as with everything Gabriel does, he picks and chooses what he devotes his energies to, with music taking a back seat (he owns the record company, so no pressure there). He’s not invisible, he’s not a recluse, and he’s certainly not a one-hit wonder. But with 35 years separating today’s anniversary and So first being released, it’s tempting to look at it through the prism of pop stardom.
Gabriel has never sat easily with fame. His somewhat diffident personality fits well with his status as an arch auteur, owning a fine body of work but happy to tinker at the edges while being distracted by his myriad worthy causes, such as his long-standing commitment to human rights and The Elders group he co-founded with Nelson Mandela and Richard Branson. At 71, it’s unlikely that Gabriel will grace the charts with another Sledgehammer, but it would be nice if he produced another album with the accessibility of So that Steven Wilson talks of - but without selling out on the musical principles he’s held dear since those very early days with Genesis.
Of all the 1970s, 1978 comes off as having the least cultural significance. It was no 1971, with its ground breaking albums, or 1976 with the arrival of punk, 1977 with the death of Elvis and the Queen's silver jubilee or 1979 and the coronation of Margaret Thatcher and the subsequent decade of that combined ostentation with social division.
By the start of 1978, punk's vanguard of The Damned, the Sex Pistols and Television had already collapsed, leaving The Clash to keep that particular revolution going, sort of. Out of it emerged the New Wave and the punkish, somewhat less threatening likes of The Jam, The Police, XTC, Siouxie & The Banshees, Nick Lowe, Ian Dury and even Dire Straits and their bluesy pub rock. Elsewhere, rock's establishment was consolidating its lot: Bowie spent much of '78 on an epic world tour, the Low and Heroes albums behind him, while the Rolling Stones delivered the patchy Some Girls ahead of Keith running into drug trouble in Toronto. The Who released Who Are You? (yes kids, long before CSI...) and then Keith Moon shuffled off this mortal coil at the age of 32 from a prescription drug overdose.
Three years previously, a member of one of the other behemoths of the age had set in train the career of a British national treasure. While mixing Pink Floyd's Wish You Were Here album, guitarist David Gilmour was handed a demo tape by a schoolgirl from south-east London: Kate Bush. "I was intrigued by this strange voice," Gilmour recently told the BBC. "So I went to her house, met her parents down in Kent, and she played me - gosh - it must have been 40 or 50 songs. And I thought, I should try and do something." Gilmour arranged for the prodigy to have a more professional tape made before arranging executives from EMI Records to come down to Abbey Road studios to hear it. On the back of what they heard, EMI signed the-then 16-year-old, who had already amassed a catalogue of 200 songs in various forms.
On January 6, 1978, the first single from Bush's forthcoming debut album The Kick Inside was released: Wuthering Heights. It was, by any stretch of the imagination, an extraordinary entrance. Released in a week when the UK singles chart was topped by Paul McCartney's unthreatening Mull Of Kintyre and included such rock monsters as Figaro by Brotherhood of Man, Bonnie Tyler's It's A Heartache and Terry Wogan's The Floral Dance, it was hard to place a song based on an Emily Brontë novel (Bush shares a birthday with the writer) with a vocal sung in a pixie-squeak of a high register.
Who was this 19-year-old, with an audacious song that might be prog rock, might be a MoR ballad, or might be simply avante garde? Whatever it was it went to Number One and stayed there for a month, the first time a female singer-songwriter had got to the top with a self-written song. Four months later Bush released the spine-tinglingly beautiful The Man With The Child In His Eyes, which went to No.6 in the charts. It had been one of the songs that had clinched her signing to EMI, when Gilmour had arranged for executives to hear Bush's demos at Abbey Road Studios. "I said to them, 'Do you want to hear something I’ve got?'," Gilmour recalled to the BBC. "They said sure, so I played them The Man With A Child In His Eyes and they said, 'Yep, thank you — we’ll have it.' It’s absolutely beautiful, isn’t it? That’s her singing at the age of 16, and having written those extraordinary lyrics."
By the end of 1978 Bush was already releasing her second album, Lionheart, capitalising on the success of her debut, though the somewhat uninspiring nature of the record - the idiosyncratic hit single Wow not withstanding - suggested a rush job. Regardless, 1978 was still the year that founded one of the most remarkable, if idiosyncratic, music careers, one that has never, ever wielded to convention or commercial expectations. Much like her occasional collaborator Peter Gabriel and the Bowie and Roxy Music she idolised as a teenager, Bush has successfully - and resolutely - bucked convention. It's hard to think of any other artist - with perhaps the exception of Björk who would release an album called 50 Words for Snow which included a song that indeed contained 50 words for snow, and it not coming across as profoundly pretentious.
That album, though, was only her 10th, and it came more than three decades after her first. Bush has always steadfastly dictated the pace of her career, sometimes haphazardly, it would appear. Her 22-night, 2014 residency at the Eventim Apollo in Hammersmith were her first gigs for 35 years. She had toured only once, in 1979, and while the death of her lighting engineer, Bill Duffield, is reported to have induced a long-standing aversion to live performance, she suggested to BBC 6 Music's Matt Everitt last Sunday that her absence from the stage was perhaps down to other forces. "After 1979 the intention had always been to do another set of shows after the first two albums," she explained. "There was never any intention to go such a long time without shows - things just went in a different direction."
Whatever that direction was, the surprise decision to appear in a live setting once more was no less artistically bold and imaginative as any of Bush's songwriting. The 22 Before The Dawnshows - captured in a triple live album released today - brought together Bush's longstanding love of theatricality (Lindsay Kemp - who'd worked closely, in more ways than one, with Bowie had been another early influence and mentor). Part rock concert, part performance art theatre, the shows were split into three acts - the first featuring hits like Hounds of Love and Running Up That Hill, with the second and third based on the two long songsuites from the Hounds Of Love and Aerial albums, The Ninth Wave and A Sky Of Honey.
Photo: Ken McKay
"I was really nervous every night," Bush told Everitt, explaining how she worried she would lose her place in the middle of her often complex compositions. "I naturally tend to race ahead in my mind, I'm always thinking about situations and running them through. Maybe it's that kind of primeval thing where you're trying to think, 'Can I get to that tree before the tiger gets me?' So my head is always moving ahead, just trying to get to the conclusion of whatever this journey is. And once we started running the show I had to be absolutely in that moment. "But I was so terrified that if my mind wandered off that when I came back I wouldn't remember where I was."
Although such apprehension has been a hallmark of much of Bush's career, she relished the challenge of creating the Before The Dawn concept. "The idea of putting the show together was something that I found really interesting and really exciting. But to actually step into it was something that I had to really work hard on because I was terrified of doing live work as a performer again," she said in the BBC interview, which portrayed Bush not as a reclusive, publicity-shy British eccentric, but as the mum and occasional pop star she has studiously worked at being seen to be.
The comfort and appeal of family life in rural Devon has certainly played a part in restricting musical output. The clear message from her encounter with Everitt is that we shouldn't expect any new material from Bush anytime soon. "The thing about [the Before The Dawn show] is that most of the material was already written. And to start something like that from scratch is another whole world of work, isn't it? It was an extraordinary thing to be involved in, especially to have got the response that we did. It was really magical. But I don't know. I don't know what I'm going to do next."
Bush explained that production of the Before The Dawn album (there are no plans at all for an accompanying video release) has taken up a lot of time, an attention to detail as fastidious as her production of new material to begin with. "I'm desperate to do something new," she told Everitt, "I've been working on this project for a really long time now. I haven't written a song for ages." And asked if this new release represented a "full stop" to her career, Bush simply replied warmly but vaguely: "Oh no, I don't think so. I think it's just a rather big comma."
